Bullying Resilience Curriculum
12-Week Bullying Resilience Curriculum (Ages 5–18)
This comprehensive 12-week curriculum is divided into three age-appropriate tracks: ages 5–8, ages 9–12, and ages 13–18. Each week has a theme with clear objectives, evidence-based content (including neuroscience and trauma-informed insights), and practical activities for children/teens to directly engage with the material. The focus is on building empathy, emotional regulation, and effective strategies for handling bullies and preventing bullying behaviour. All content is geared towards students themselves (no separate parent/teacher instructions).
Ages 5–8:
Early Childhood Bullying Awareness
Focus: Introduce young children to the concepts of kindness, feelings, and bullying in simple terms. Emphasize recognizing bullying, expressing emotions, and basic skills like asking an adult for help. Activities are play-based (stories, role-play, art) to maintain engagement.
Week 1: What Is Bullying? – Understanding Mean vs. Friendly Behaviour
Objective: Children will learn an age-appropriate definition of bullying and how to tell it apart from normal disagreements or accidental hurt.
Key Concepts: In simple terms, bullying is explained as when someone keeps being mean or hurting someone on purpose, over and over, and the person being hurt is scared or can’t easily stop it. It’s not a one-time accident or a friendly teasing – it’s unwanted aggressive behaviour that involves a power imbalance and is often repeated. Emphasize that bullying can be words or actions (hurting someone’s body or feelings).
Week 2: Feelings and Empathy – How Bullying Makes Us Feel
Objective: Recognize the emotions caused by bullying and practice empathy for others’ feelings.
Key Concepts: Discuss common feelings when someone is bullied: sadness, fear, loneliness, anger, confusion. Emphasize empathy – understanding how others feel.
Week 3: Why Do People Bully? – Understanding Hurtful Behaviour
Objective: Help children understand in a simple way why someone might become a bully, to reduce self-blame in victims and build empathy.
Key Concepts: Explain that no one is born a bully – sometimes kids who bully have reasons behind their behaviour. Importantly, tell the children: If you are being bullied, remember it’s not your fault. The bully is not being mean because of you, but because of something inside them.
Week 4: Your Brain and Big Feelings – Intro to the “Guard Dog” and “Wise Owl”
Objective: Teach children a basic brain model (amygdala and prefrontal cortex) to help them understand emotional impulses (like anger in bullying) and self-control in an age-appropriate way.
Key Concepts: Introduce two important parts of the brain with fun metaphors: the amygdala as the “guard dog” (or “watch dog”) and the prefrontal cortex as the “wise owl” in your brain. “The guard dog’s job is to protect you. It barks when it thinks there’s danger or when you get mad or scared. But we also have a wise owl part of our brain – this helps us make good choices, solve problems, and calm down instead of just barking. The wise owl (thinking brain) grows as you get older and helps you think before you act.”
Week 5: Calming Big Emotions – Basic Self-Regulation Skills
Objective: Children practice simple strategies to manage anger or hurt feelings, so they don’t react in aggressive or destructive ways (either as a bully or when provoked by one).
Key Concepts: Building on the guard dog/wise owl, reinforce that everyone can learn to calm down when they feel upset. Ask: “What can you do if you feel very angry or very scared?” Key self-regulation tools: deep breathing, counting slowly, taking a break, talking to someone.” Explain that using these tools doesn’t mean the bullying is okay – it means you are staying strong and not letting the bully’s words control your feelings. This is a child-friendly way to introduce emotional resilience (not getting easily upset) as a superpower.
Week 6: Being Kind & the Golden Rule – Responding with Positivity
Objective: Instil the Golden Rule (“treat others how you want to be treated”) as a response strategy to bullying.
Key Concepts: Remind children of the difference between reacting (hitting back or calling names, which keeps the mean game going) and responding kindly.
Week 7: Standing Up for Yourself – Assertive (Not Aggressive) Responses
Objective: Teach children simple, safe ways to assert boundaries and seek help when faced with bullying.
Key Concepts: Sometimes, despite kindness, a bully might keep being mean. Children need to know they have the right to say “No, stop that!” firmly and get help. Explain and practice the difference between assertive (brave, firm, and respectful) and aggressive (yelling, hitting) or passive (staying silent, looking at the ground). and kids should know it’s okay to seek help.
Week 8: Why Bullying Hurts Everyone – Short-Term Effects (Trauma-Informed)
Objective: Help children understand that bullying has real consequences for both the person being bullied and the bully. This builds empathy and a sense of importance in preventing bullying.
Key Concepts: Use gentle, age-appropriate language to describe what can happen if bullying keeps going. For the child who is bullied: they can feel very sad or scared for a long time, not just in the moment. They might get stomach aches or headaches from worry, not want to come to school, or have bad dreams. They might feel like nothing is fun anymore. Emphasize that these feelings are not the bullied child’s fault – it’s because bullying is traumatic, meaning it’s an experience that really hurts their heart and mind
Week 9: Being a Good Friend (Bystander to Upstander) – Helping Others in Need
Objective: Encourage children to actively include and support peers, and to get help if they witness bullying. This reinforces that everyone in the group can play a role in stopping bullying.
Key Concepts: Explaining what a bystander is: someone who sees bullying happening. If you see a classmate alone or sad because of a bully, being a friend to them is a powerful way to stop the bully from “winning.” Also, highlight safety: never jump into a dangerous situation; the best help might be to quickly find a teacher in those cases.
Week 10: Practicing Empathy – Caring About Others (Even Bullies)
Objective: Deepen empathy skills – help children imagine others’ perspectives, including understanding that bullies might need help, not just punishment.
Key Concepts: Revisiting empathy: “Empathy means understanding and caring about how someone else feels.” This week we encourage them to empathise with both the person who was hurt and the person doing the hurting (in a controlled discussion). Start with the victim: “How do we think the bullied child feels and what do they need?” (They feel sad, need a friend and support). Then gently ask: “How do we think the bully feels and what might they need?”
Week 11: My Strengths and Confidence – Becoming Bully-Proof
Objective: Boost children’s self-esteem and resilience so that they are less vulnerable to bullying and better at handling it.
Key Concepts: Explain that bullies often pick on kids who seem scared or alone. By building confidence, children can make it less likely a bully will target them, and if they do, the child can handle it without feeling as bad. This isn’t to blame victims, but to empower kids: “You have amazing strengths, and nobody can take that away with mean words.
Week 12: Putting It All Together – Review, Reflection, and Commitment
Objective: Reinforce all lessons learned, ensure children know how to apply them, and celebrate the progress.
Key Concepts: Review the main points from each week. Q&A: “What would you do if…?” to check their understanding. For example: “What would you do if you saw your friend being pushed on the playground?” (Expected answers: tell the bully to stop, go get a teacher, help the friend, etc. They may use various tools learned – praise all positive actions).
Ages 9–12:
Preteen Bullying Prevention and Empathy Curriculum
Focus: Provide older school students with a deeper understanding of bullying dynamics. This track balances factual knowledge (definitions, brain science, effects) with social-emotional learning (empathy, emotion regulation, resilience). Students at this age can engage in more discussion, self-reflection, and strategy development (including handling cyberbullying). Each week’s theme builds on prior knowledge, and activities include role-plays, group talks, and creative projects suited for preteens.
Week 1: Defining Bullying – Types, Roles, and Contexts
Objective: Ensure students have a clear, shared definition of bullying (including physical, verbal, relational, and cyber forms) and understand the roles people play (bully, victim, bystander).
Key Content: Begin with an open question: “What does ‘bullying’ mean to you?” List their ideas, then clarify using the formal definition: “Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behaviour among school-age children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance, and is repeated (or likely to be repeated) over time”.
Week 2: Emotional Impact of Bullying – “Walk in Their Shoes”
Objective: Explore how bullying feels for the person being bullied and for others, cultivating empathy and a trauma-informed view that bullying can have serious emotional consequences.
Key Content: Start by revisiting that bullying can affect everyone involved – the target, the bully, and the witnesses. Focus first on the victim’s perspective: Ask, “If someone is bullied, how might they feel that day? How might they feel after weeks of it?” Gather responses like humiliated, anxious, depressed, lonely, frightened, wanting to skip school. Confirm with research: Kids who are bullied commonly experience increased depression, anxiety, sadness, loneliness, changes in sleep and eating, and loss of interest in activities they used to enjoy. Point out these issues can even persist into adulthood if the bullying isn’t addressed, showing how harmful it is. Introduce the idea of bullying as a form of trauma – a strong stress that overwhelms someone’s ability to cope.
Week 3: Why Do People Become Bullies? – Social, Emotional, and Environmental Causes
Objective: Delve into the reasons behind bullying behaviour, examining social influences, emotional issues, and environmental factors (family, trauma), including expert insights from psychology.
Key Content: Start by challenging stereotypes: “What kind of kids are bullies? Are they ‘evil’ or just like us?” Most will say bullies are mean or have issues. Affirm that bullying behaviour is wrong, but understanding why it happens is key to preventing it.
Week 4: Brain Science of Bullying – Impulse Control, Aggression, and Empathy in the Brain
Objective: Teach students about the brain regions involved in emotions and behaviour (amygdala, prefrontal cortex, reward circuits), and how these relate to aggression, impulse control, and empathy. Use current neuroscience to explain bullying tendencies and self-control strategies.
Key Content: Begin with a quick recap of the “guard dog and wise owl” metaphor they may have learned in earlier years, and introduce more scientific terms:
- The Amygdala, Prefrontal cortex (PFC), Reward circuitry (Ventral Striatum), Mirror neurons and empathy, Brain Mapping, Impulse vs. Control, Self-regulation.
- This discussion merges neuroscience with social change thinking.
Week 5: Trauma & Long-Term Effects – Bullying as a Trauma and Its Consequences
Objective: Provide an overview of the short-, medium-, and long-term effects of bullying on both victims and bullies, from a trauma-informed perspective. Reinforce why preventing and addressing bullying is crucial for mental health.
Key Content: This week ties together what they’ve learned about feelings and brain: bullying is not a minor inconvenience; it’s an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) that can have serious consequences.
Week 6: Building Emotional Resilience – Staying Calm and Confident (Brooks Gibbs’ Approach)
Objective: Teach students practical tools for emotional resilience – the ability to stay calm and not be easily provoked by bullying.
Key Content: Recall that bullies often aim to “get a reaction.” Thus, a powerful defence is emotional resilience: not giving the bully what they want (your anger or fear). We have two rules: (1) Don’t get upset – i.e., learn to control your emotional response, and (2) Treat the bully like a friend – i.e., respond with unexpected kindness or at least neutrality.
Week 7: Assertive Communication & Conflict Resolution – Setting Boundaries and Getting Help
Objective: Teach students how to respond assertively to bullying and when/how to involve others. Provide communication tools for standing up for oneself or others without aggression, and steps to resolve conflicts or report serious issues.
Key Content: Differentiate responses: In Week 6 we focused on managing internal reactions and using kindness/neutrality. We now focus on external assertive actions. Assertiveness means standing up for your rights and respecting others’ rights at the same time. It’s a middle ground between passive (saying nothing or mumbling) and aggressive (yelling, insulting back, physical retaliation).
Week 8: The Power of Empathy & Kindness – Transforming the Environment.
Objective: Re-emphasize empathy and compassion as tools to reduce bullying and heal trauma. Encourage students to actively foster a supportive peer culture.
Key Content: Revisit key points from earlier weeks: bullies often lack empathy and often have emotional pain. Victims feel isolated and hurt. The solution has to involve emotional understanding and connection. We also bring in the idea of collective responsibility: If every student in a class decides “We will not tolerate bullying and we will make sure everyone has a friend,” bullying almost cannot survive in that environment.
Week 9: Bystander to Upstander – Taking Action Against Bullying
Objective: Empower students to intervene safely and effectively when they witness bullying. Reinforce that doing nothing often enables bullies, whereas peer intervention can stop bullying quickly. Develop specific upstander strategies.
Key Content: Reiterate the statistics or facts: Most bullying happens in areas adults can’t see directly (hallways, cafeteria, online). Bystanders are present in a majority of bullying episodes. If they stay passive or laugh along, the bullying continues.
Week 10: Digital Citizenship & Cyberbullying – Safe and Respectful Online Behaviour
Objective: Focus on handling bullying in the digital realm, given its prevalence in teen years. Teach students how to behave responsibly online, protect themselves from cyberbullying, and support others who face it.
Key Content: Cyberbullying is bullying via electronic means – texts, social media posts, fake profiles, spreading digital rumours, sharing embarrassing photos, etc. Stress that cyberbullying can feel inescapable because it can happen 24/7, even at home, and can be anonymous or public to large audiences.
Week 11: Self-Reflection and Personal Growth – Healing and Growing from Experiences
Objective: Encourage students to reflect on their own experiences with bullying (if any – being victim, perpetrator, or bystander) and how they can grow positively from them. Reinforce personal responsibility and the idea that it’s never too late to change behaviours or seek help.
Key Content: By this week, a lot of heavy material has been covered. This session is more introspective. Emphasize that everyone probably has some experience: maybe they were bullied at some point, maybe they hurt someone else, or failed to help when they could have. Normalize it (not to excuse it, but to let them acknowledge it without shame): “We’re all human and we’re all still learning how to treat others well and handle our emotions.” The goal is to learn and do better going forward.
Week 12: Putting Knowledge into Action – Culmination and Action Plan
Objective: Conclude the course by reviewing key lessons and translating them into ongoing action. Students solidify what they’ve learned by creating something (project, presentation, pledge) that they can carry forward.
Key Content: Focus on the future: how will they apply this knowledge? This week is about empowerment and optimism: they have the tools; now they can make a difference in their own lives and others’.
Outcome: By the end of 12 weeks, students have a strong grasp of what bullying is, why it happens, how it affects everyone, and most importantly, how to respond to it – whether they are the one bullied, the one witnessing, or tempted to bully. They’ve practiced skills from emotional regulation to assertive communication to empathy. They leave not only with knowledge but with a personal commitment to foster a kinder, safer community. They are prepared to handle bullying in the present and advocate for positive change in the future.
Ages 13–18:
Teen Bullying Management and Leadership Course
Focus: Engage teenagers with a robust, research-informed exploration of bullying, emphasising critical thinking, self-reflection, and leadership. This track not only covers the basics (definitions, reasons, effects) with greater depth and up-to-date science, but also challenges teens to become advocates and role models in anti-bullying. Teen participants will build an action-oriented mindset by the end of the 12 weeks.
Week 1: Bullying 101 for Teens – Definitions, Myths, and Realities
Objective: Set the foundation by clearly defining bullying (including complex forms like harassment and gossip) and dispelling any misconceptions (e.g., “Bullying is just a normal part of growing up”).
Key Content: Starts with brainstorming: “What behaviours do you consider bullying? Have you witnessed or experienced any at school?” Teens often bring up overt bullying and more subtle things (social exclusion, subtweets, etc.). We compile their ideas, then introduce the formal criteria: intentional harm, power imbalance, repetition. Provide concrete teen-centric examples for each type.
Week 2: Social Dynamics & Why People Bully (Advanced) – Power, Peer Influence, Trauma.
Objective: Examine in depth the social and psychological reasons behind bullying in the teen context, including desire for power/status, peer pressure, prejudice, and personal trauma or emotional issues
Key Content: Expand on reasons covered in younger groups with a teen lens:
Week 3: Emotional Intelligence and Empathy Training – “Hurt People Hurt People”
Objective: Develop teens’ emotional intelligence – the ability to recognise and manage their own emotions and to empathise with others. Emphasise how improving these skills can prevent one from becoming a bully and also help in supporting others. This week directly addresses the internal processes: understanding anger, practicing empathy, and handling conflict with emotional awareness.
Key Content: We discuss why bullies might lack empathy or have uncontrolled anger. We focus on solutions: building emotional regulation and empathy in ourselves to break the cycle.
Week 4: Neuroscience of Bullying and Self-Control – Teen Brain Under Construction
Objective: Educate teens on how their brains are developing, particularly the interplay between the amygdala (emotions) and prefrontal cortex (judgment), and how this affects behaviour like aggression, impulsivity, and empathy. We use current neuroscience findings (as previously researched) to make it relevant.
Key Content: Dive into the teen brain: Adolescent Brain Development, Amygdala and Aggression, Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Empathy, Reward Circuit, Stress and the Brain, Neuroplasticity.
Week 5: Trauma-Informed Perspective – Bullying as Trauma & Building Resilience
Objective: Synthesise understanding of bullying’s impact by framing it as a trauma. Discuss how traumatic stress from bullying affects mental health, and we introduce trauma-informed responses (like seeking support, not blaming oneself).
Key Content: Ensure students grasp what “trauma” means: acdistressing or disturbing experience that overwhelms someone’s ability to cope. Bullying, especially chronic or severe, is absolutely a trauma.
Week 6: Resilience and Coping Strategies – Strengthening the Self.
Objective: Focus on equipping students with practical strategies to cope with bullying and general adversity. Empower students with skills like assertive ignoring, positive self-talk, and stress management techniques.
Key Content: Tie in previous weeks: we’ve learned what bullying does, but people can and do recover and even become resilient. Define resilience: the ability to bounce back from difficulties, to adapt and keep going. Emphasize that resilience is like a muscle – you build it by facing challenges with coping strategies.
Week 7: Assertive Action and Reporting – Using Your Voice
Objective: Teach teens how to take assertive action against bullying – both self-advocacy and involving authorities when needed. Empower them with knowledge of their rights and effective communication to report bullying incidents.
Key Content: Reiterate difference between assertiveness vs aggression vs passivity specifically in bullying context.
Week 8: Diversity and Inclusion – Respecting Differences (Preventing Bias-Based Bullying)
Objective: Address bullying that stems from prejudice (racism, homophobia, etc.) and foster a culture of inclusion and respect for diversity. Teach the value of standing up against slurs and hate. Integrate expert perspectives on empathy and moral leadership.
Key Content: Many bullying cases in teen years involve targeting someone for being “different.” This week broadens the conversation to social justice aspect.
Week 9: Becoming Upstanders and Allies – Leadership in Action
Objective: Building on earlier bystander training, focus on leadership and allyship. Encourage students to take initiative in creating a bully-free environment – from small everyday acts to larger projects. Frame it as an opportunity to practice leadership skills and leave a positive legacy in their school.
Key Content:
- Review what an upstander is – someone who not only stands by but stands up.
- Talk about allyship: supporting those who are targeted, even if you’re not part of that group.
Week 10: Social Media and Bullying – Creating a Positive Online Culture
Objective: Delve deeper into how teens can shape their online environments to reduce cyberbullying. Discuss digital footprints, being an ally online, and perhaps how to recover from online humiliation (e.g., if something went viral).
Content: Talk about how easily a photo or rumour spreads online in high school, how to exercise good judgement before posting (for their own resilience and not to inadvertently bully others).
Week 11: Personal Growth & Forgiveness – From Bullying to Betterment
Objective: Discuss the concept of forgiving (either forgiving a bully to move on, or forgiving oneself for past mistakes).
Key Content:
- Reflect on Change.
- Forgiveness: Tricky but important. Clarify forgiveness in this context isn’t saying what happened was okay or letting the bully off the hook legally/school-wise; it’s about not carrying hatred that poisons oneself.
Week 12: Moving Forward – Taking It Beyond the Classroom
Objective: Recap entire course, celebrate completion, and discuss how to keep momentum. Ensure each student has concrete next steps (personal or collective) to continue improving their environment.
Outcome: Students leave the course equipped with knowledge, empathy, and practical skills to handle bullying for themselves and to contribute to a culture of respect. They understand the neuroscience, psychology, and moral dimensions, and have practiced tools for emotional regulation and assertive action. They have reflected on their own behaviour and made personal commitments to betterment. Ideally, the separate age tracks achieve similar goals in developmentally appropriate ways: 5–8 learn basics and kindness, 9–12 deepen understanding and skill practice, 13–18 internalize complex insights and take on leadership roles. All with evidence-based support throughout, etc.
